VULNERABLITY OF RURAL LIVELIHOODS IN NINH THUAN PROVINCE TO DROUGHT

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37569/DalatUniversity.13.4S.1254(2023)

Keywords:

Drought, Livelihood outcomes, Ninh Thuan, Rural households.

Abstract

The risk of drought poses a significant challenge to agricultural production in Ninh Thuan Province. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors that influence farmers’ livelihood outcomes due to the impact of drought. Data were collected from a survey of 231 farmers randomly selected from the districts of Thuan Nam, Thuan Bac, and Ninh Hai. In addition to descriptive statistics, a Tobit regression model was used to identify the factors influencing livelihood outcomes during mild and severe droughts. The results showed that farmers’ livelihood outcomes were generally low. The regression identified the financial (β=0.230 and 0.205), social (β=0.200 and 0.291), and human capital (β=0.195 and 0.196) impacts on farmers’ livelihood outcomes from both mild and severe droughts. During mild drought years, seasonal adjustment (β=-0.009) and migration (β=0.013) were found to significantly influence livelihood outcomes. In severe drought years, government support (β=-0.030) negatively affected livelihood outcomes. There is a need to establish an early warning system for climate change and extreme weather events while simultaneously disseminating information widely to farmers so that they can take timely measures to cope. Enhancing human capital by raising awareness and skills in adapting to drought and developing comprehensive abilities to implement drought adaptation strategies is needed.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abraham, E. M., Guevera, J. C., Candia, R. J., & Soria, N. D. (2016). Dust storms, drought and desertification in the southwest of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Revista de La Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, 48(2), 221-241.

Adhikari, S. (2018). Drought impact and adaptation strategies in the mid-hill farming system of Western Nepal. Environments, 5(9), 101. https://doi.org/10.3390/environments5090101

Akinnagbe, O., & Irohibe, I. (2015). Agricultural adaptation strategies to climate change impacts in Africa: a review. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 39(3), 407-418. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i3.21984

Ali, M. A., Karim, Md. R., & Osman, M. A. (2023). Impact of drought on sorghum production and its adaptation strategies in Baki District, Awdal Region, Somaliland. Advances in Research, 24(1), 24-31. https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2023/v24i1930

Amare, Z. Y., Ayoade, J. O., Adelekan, I. O., & Zeleke, M. T. (2018). Barriers to and determinants of the choice of crop management strategies to combat climate change in Dejen District, Nile Basin of Ethiopia. Agriculture & Food Security, 7, 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-018-0188-y

Amayo, F., Akidi, I. L., Esuruku, R. S., & Kaptui, P. B. (2021). Farming methods and the livelihood outcomes of women in Eastern Uganda. Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, 13(3), 182-191. https://doi.org/10.5897/JAERD2021.1249

Anik, A. R., Rahman, S., Sarker, J. R., Al Hasan, M. (2021). Farmers’ adaptation strategies to combat climate change in drought prone areas in Bangladesh. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 65, 102562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102562

Armah, F. A., Yawson, D. O., Yengoh, G. T., Odoi, J. O., & Afrifa, E. K. A. (2010). Impact of floods on livelihoods and vulnerability of natural resource dependent communities in Northern Ghana. Water, 2(2), 120-139. https://doi.org/10.3390/w2020120

Bahta, Y. T. (2020). Smallholder livestock farmers coping and adaptation strategies to agricultural drought. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 5(4), 964-982. https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2020.4.964

Balew, S., Agwata, J., & Anyango, S. (2014). Determinants of adoption choices of climate change adaptation strategies in crop production by small scale farmers in some regions of central Ethiopia. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 4(4), 78-93.

Bandyopadhyay, N., Bhuiyan, C., & Saha, A. K. (2020). Drought mitigation: Critical analysis and proposal for a new drought policy with special reference to Gujarat (India). Progress in Disaster Science, 5, 100049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2019.100049

Bùi, T. T. H. (2015). Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của hoang mạc hóa đến sản xuất nông nghiệp ở tình Bình Thuận trong bối cảnh biến đổi khí hậu. Viện Hàn lâm Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam.

Cenacchi, N. (2014). Drought risk reduction in agriculture: A review of adaptive strategies in East Africa and the Indo-Gangetic Plain of South Asia (IFPRI Discussion Paper 1372). International Food Policy Research Institute.

Chambers, R., & Conway, G. R. (1992). Sustainable rural livelihoods: Practical concepts for the 21st century (IDS Discussion Paper 296). Institute of Development Studies.

Denkyirah, E. K., Okoffo, E. D., Adu, D. T., & Bosompem, O. A. (2017). What are the drivers of cocoa farmers’ choice of climate change adaptation strategies in Ghana? Cogent Food & Agriculture, 3(1), 1334296. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2017.1334296

Devkota, N., Phuyal, R. K., & Shrestha, D. L. (2018). Perception, determinants and barriers for the adoption of climate change adaptation options among Nepalese rice farmers. Agricultural Sciences, 9(3), 272-298. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2018.93021

DFID. (1999, April). Sustainable livelihoods guidance sheets. Department for International Development, London, England.

Dumba, H., Danquah, J. A., & Pappinen, A. (2021). Rural farmers’ approach to drought adaptation: Lessons from crop farmers in Ghana. In N. Oguge, D. Ayal, L. Adeleke, & I. Da Silva (Eds.), African handbook of climate change adaptation (pp. 1033-1051). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_29

Durrani, H., Syed, A., Khan, A., Tareen, A., Durrani, N. A., & Khwajakhail, B. A. (2021). Understanding farmers’ risk perception to drought vulnerability in Balochistan, Pakistan. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 6(1), 82-105. https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2021006

Ellis, F. (2000). Rural livelihoods and diversity in developing countries. Oxford University Press.

FAO. (2013). Drought. Food and Agricultural Organization.

Herwehe, L., & Scott, C. A. (2018). Drought adaptation and development: Small-scale irrigated agriculture in northeast Brazil. Climate and Development, 10(4), 337-346. https://doi.org/10.1080/17565529.2017.1301862

Holman, I. P., Hess, T. M., Rey, D., & Knox, J. W. (2021). A multi-level framework for adaptation to drought within temperate agriculture. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 8, 589871. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2020.589871

Hussain, A., & Thapa, G. B. (2012). Smallholders’ access to agricultural credit in Pakistan. Food Security, 4, 73-85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-012-0167-2

IPCC. (2007). Climate change 2007: The physical science basis: Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press.

Mwinjaka, O., Gupta, J., & Bresser, T. O. N. (2010). Adaptation strategies of the poorest farmers in drought-prone Gujarat. Climate & Development, 2(4), 346-363. https://doi.org/10.3763/cdev.2010.0058

Nguyen, H. T., & Truong, T. C. (2021). Analysis of trends in drought with the non-parametric approach in Vietnam: A case study in Ninh Thuan Province. American Journal of Climate Change, 10(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajcc.2021.101004

Nguyễn, Q. H., & Trịnh, Q. T. (2017). Sử dụng thông tin thời tiết để thích ứng với biến đổi khí hậu trong sản xuất nông nghiệp: trường hợp nghiên cứu thí điểm ở xã Kỳ Sơn, huyện Kỳ Anh, tỉnh Hà Tĩnh. Tạp chí Khoa học Nông nghiệp Việt Nam, 15(8), 1014-1021

Nguyễn, T. H., Nguyễn, T. T., Trần, Đ. Q., Nguyễn, Đ. H., Mai, T. N. (2016). Đánh giá khả năng thích ứng với biến đổi khí hậu cấp hộ gia đình tại huyện Hòa Vang, thành phố Đà Nẵng. Tạp chí Khoa học ĐHQGHN, 32(2S), 140-152

Nguyen, T. L. H., Fahad, S., Nguyen, A. T., Tran, T. T. H., Nguyen, H. C., & To, T. N. (2021). Assessment of farm households’ perception, beliefs and attitude toward climatic risks: A case study of rural Vietnam. PLOS ONE, 16(12), e0258598. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258598

Ninh Thuan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. (2018). Report 553/BC-SNNPTNT on results of implementation in 2018, tasks and solutions for implementation in 2019 in the agriculture sector.

Ninh Thuan Provincial Party Committee. (2021). Resolution No. 12-NQ/TU on the climate change adaptation program for 2021 to 2030.

Ninh Thuan Statistics Office. (2019). Ninh Thuan statistictal yearbook 2019. Statistical Publishing House.

Ogundeji, A. A., & Okolie, C. C. (2022). Perception and adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers to drought risk: A scientometric analysis. Agriculture, 12(8), 1129. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081129

Sheffield, J., Wood, E. F., Chaney, N., Guan, K., Sadri, S., Yuan, X., Olang, L., Amani, A., Ali, A., Demuth, S., & Ogallo, L. (2014). A drought monitoring and forecasting system for sub-Sahara African water resources and food security. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 95(6), 861-882. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00124.1

Sukhija, B. S. (2008). Adaptation to climate change: Strategies for sustaining groundwater resources during droughts. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 288(1), 169-181. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP288.13

Swain, D. L. (2015). A tale of two California droughts: Lessons amidst record warmth and dryness in a region of complex physical and human geography. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(22), 9999-10,003. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066628

Tazeze, A., Haji, J., & Ketema, M. (2012). Climate change adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers: The case of Babilie District, East Harerghe Zone of Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia. Journal of Economic and Sustainable Development, 3(14), 1-12.

Trần, T., Nguyễn, V. T., Ngô, S. G., & Hoàng, M. T. (2008). Xây dựng bản đồ hạn hán và mức độ thiếu nước ở Nam Trung Bộ và Tây Nguyên. Viện Khoa học Khí tượng Thủy văn và Môi trường.

Trần, T. T. (2019). Đánh giá ảnh hưởng của hạn hán đến sinh kế dân cư nông thôn tỉnh Ninh Thuận. NXB. Khoa học Xã hội.

Villamayor-Tomas, S., Iniesta-Arandia, I., & Roggero, M. (2020). Are generic and specific adaptation institutions always relevant? An archetype analysis of drought adaptation in Spanish irrigation systems. Ecology and Society, 25(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11329-250132

Võ, T. H., Đặng, T. H., & Nguyễn, N. T. (2020). Phân tích các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến quyết định áp dụng chiến lược thích ứng với biến đổi khí hậu của hộ nuôi tôm nước lợ tại Bến Tre. Tạp chí Nông nghiệp & Phát triển nông thôn, 18, 31-41.

Võ, T. H., Đặng, T. H., Châu, T. L., & Nguyễn, N. T. (2020). Đánh giá tính dễ bị tổn thương của hộ nuôi tôm thể chân trắng thâm canh ven biển tỉnh Bến Tre do biến đổi khí hậu. Tạp chí Nông nghiệp & Phát triển nông thôn, 15, 112-121 .

Võ, V. T., & Lê, C. D. (2015). Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến kết quả sinh kế của nông hộ ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Tạp chí Khoa học Trường Đại học Cần Thơ, (38), 120-129.

Wang, W., Zhao, X., Cao, J., Li, H., Zhang, Q. (2020). Barriers and requirements to climate change adaptation of mountainous rural communities in developing countries: The case of the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China. Land Use Policy, 95, 104354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104354

Wilhite, D. A., & Glantz, M. H. (1985). Understanding the drought phenomenon: The role of definitions. Water International, 10(3), 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508068508686328

WMO. (2006). Drought monitoring and early warning: Concepts, progress, and future challenges. World Meteorological Organization.

Yamane, T. (1973). Statistics: An introductory analysis (3rd ed.). Harper & Row.

Yaro, J. A. (2004). Theorizing food insecurity: Building a livelihood vulnerability framework for researching food insecurity. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 58(1), 23-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/00291950410004375

Yuya, B. A., & Daba, N. A. (2018). Rural households livelihood strategies and its impact on livelihood outcomes: The case of eastern Oromia, Ethiopia. Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics, 10(2), 93-103. https://doi.org/10.7160/aol.2018.100209

Zobeidi, T., Yazdanpanah, M., Komendantova, N., Sieber, S., & Loehr, K. (2021). Factors affecting smallholder farmers' technical and non-technical adaptation responses to drought in Iran. Journal of Environmental Management, 298, 113552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113552

Downloads

Published

31-12-2023

Volume and Issues

Section

Economics and Management

How to Cite

Chau, T. L., Hoang, H. A., Vo, T. H., & Dang , T. H. (2023). VULNERABLITY OF RURAL LIVELIHOODS IN NINH THUAN PROVINCE TO DROUGHT. Dalat University Journal of Science, 13(4S), 141-161. https://doi.org/10.37569/DalatUniversity.13.4S.1254(2023)